Correction: Thrombotic and bleeding events,mortality, and anticoagulant use among 546,656 hospitalized patients with COVID‑19 in the United States: a retrospective cohort study

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis -     

理肺消积丸对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:观察理肺消积丸对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的影响作用。方法:将50只小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、理肺消积丸组[240μg/(g·d)]、顺铂组[0.5μg/(g·d)]、联合组[理肺消积丸240μg/(g·d)+顺铂0.5μg/(g·d)]。采用皮下接种法建立Lewis肺癌小鼠模型,制备模型次日进行药物干预。2周后分别采用活体成像技术检测小鼠体内肿瘤生长情况,HE染色评价肿瘤组织病理学形态,免疫组化技术观察肿瘤细胞增殖细胞核抗原(Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)及人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)的表达情况,TUNEL技术评价肿瘤细胞凋亡情况。结果:模型对照组小鼠体内肿瘤增殖明显,肿瘤细胞异型性明显、核分裂象多见,PCNA蛋白表达程度极高,而细胞凋亡率及PTEN蛋白表达量极低。与模型对照组对比,理肺消积丸组的肿瘤生长受到抵制,肿瘤细胞异型性及核分裂象减少,PCNA蛋白表达下降,肿瘤细胞凋亡率升高,PTEN蛋白表达升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而顺铂组和联合组除PTEN蛋白表达较模型对照组差异无统计学意义外,其余指标均有统计学意义。结论:理肺消积丸可显著抑制Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长,其机制可能与其抑制肺癌细胞增殖、上调细胞凋亡和PTEN蛋白表达有关。     

The pathology of gastric and duodenal polyps: current concepts

The liberal use of upper endoscopy has led to an increased detection of gastric and duodenal polyps, which are identified in as many as 6 and 4.6% of patient examinations, respectively. Gastroduodenal polyps are a heterogeneous group of lesions that can be neoplastic or non‐neoplastic (e.g. hyperplastic or heterotopical). Most polyps present characteristic topographical features, as well as endoscopic appearance and size. Evaluation of the surrounding mucosa is essential in assessing the underlying pathology (e.g. Helicobacter pylori, autoimmune gastritis or inherited polyposis syndromes). Phylogenetically, gastric and duodenal polyps can be classified according to the epithelial compartment from which they derive. Polyps that arise from the surface epithelium can either be of foveolar or intestinal type, and they can develop from either the native mucosa or the metaplastic epithelium (gastric intestinal metaplasia or duodenal foveolar metaplasia). Other polyps develop from the deeper glandular component, such as pyloric/oxyntic gland derived subtypes. In this review we focus upon epithelial polyps, with an emphasis on the most common and clinically relevant lesions, and present recently described entities.     

Jones type fifth metatarsal fracture fixation in athletes: A review and current concept

Jones type fifth metatarsal fracture is a common occurrence among athletes at all levels. These fractures may occur due to several mechanisms, but inversions and twisting injuries are considered some of the leading causes in sports. However, while Jones fracture incidences are frequent in the sporting world, there is still a lack of consensus on how such fractures should be effectively managed. There are numerous treatment options for patients with fifth metatarsal Jones fractures. The role of nonoperative treatment remains controversial, with concerns about delayed union and nonunion. Surgical stabilization of metatarsal Jones fractures is therefore often recommended for athletes, as it is often associated with a low number of complications and a higher rate of union than nonoperative management. This review will focus on literature regarding the prevalence of Jones type fifth metatarsal fracture, alongside the efficacy of both conservative and surgical treatment within this population.     

Opportunity Lost? Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database

World Journal of Surgery - Routine preoperative staging in pancreas cancer is controversial. We sought to evaluate the rates of diagnostic laparoscopy (DLAP) for pancreatic cancer. We queried the...     

Anticoagulation Strategies in Patients With Cancer: JACC Review Topic of the Week

Patients with active cancer are at an increased risk of arterial and venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding events. Historically, in patients with cancer, low molecular weight heparins have been preferred for treatment of VTE, whereas warfarin has been the standard anticoagulant for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). More recently, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been demonstrated to reduce the risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism in large randomized clinical trials of patients with VTE and AF, respectively, thus providing an attractive oral dosing option that does not require routine laboratory monitoring. In this review, we summarize available clinical trial data and guideline recommendations, and outline a practical approach to anticoagulation management of VTE and AF in cancer.